Effects of Metacognitive Awareness on Reading Comprehension in English among Senior High School Students

Authors

Keywords:

metacognitive awareness, reading comprehension, metacognitive reading, metacognition

Abstract

The paper investigates the effects of metacognitive awareness on the reading comprehension skills and scholastic performance of senior high school students at Medina College Science High School. The study used a descriptive survey method, lottery sampling to select the representative sample, developed diagnostic test questions based on the K-12 curriculum, used a table of specifications to guide instrument development, and hand-scored the test papers. It was found that female students demonstrated higher proficiency in various metacognitive reading comprehension skills compared to male students, that both male and female students only achieved a "satisfactory" level of scholastic performance across school subjects, despite the gender differences in reading comprehension skills, and that there is a significant positive relationship between students' metacognitive reading skills and their academic achievement. While metacognitive skills positively influence reading comprehension and academic performance, other factors, such as cognitive abilities, learning environments, and instructional methods, also play crucial roles. This complexity underscores the need for comprehensive educational strategies that address multiple aspects of student learning and development.

View or download full article here.

View or download full issue here.

Recommended Citation:

LaBad, R. B., Jerez, M. J. Y., & Yolim, D. S. (2025). Effects of Metacognitive Awareness on Reading Comprehension in English among Senior High School Students. Ennoia Advances in Social Science, Technology and Education, 01(01), 65–72. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14652146

References

Afflerbach, P., Pearson, P. D., & Paris, S. (2008). Clarifying Differences Between Reading

Skills and Reading Strategies. The Reading Teacher, 61(5), 364-373. https://doi.org/10.1598/RT.61.5.1

Ahmadi, M. R., Ismail, H, N., & Abdullah, M. K. K. (2013). The Importance of Metacognitive

Reading Strategy Awareness in Reading Comprehension. English Language Teaching, 6(10). https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v6n10p235

Anderson, J. R. (2009). Cognitive Psychology and Its Implications (7th ed.). New York: Worth Publishers.

Auerbach, E., & Paxton, D. (1997). It’s Not the English Thing: Bringing Reading Research into the BSL Classroom. TESOL Quarterly, 31, 237-261. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3588046

Brown, R. T., Reynolds, C. R., & Whitaker, J. S. (1999). Bias in Mental Testing since "Bias in Mental Testing." School Psychology Quarterly, 14(3), 208-38. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ602971

Çakıcı, D. (2017). An Overview of Metacognitive Strategies in Reading Comprehension Skill. Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 57, 67-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.9761/JASSS7074

Carrell, P.L., Gajdusek, L. & Wise, T. (1998). Metacognition and EFL/ESL reading. Instructional Science 26, 97–112. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003092114195

Channa, M. A., & Nordin, Z. S. (2014). Identifying Metacognitive Strategies through Learners' Reading Comprehension: A Review of Related Studies. Sci. Int. (Lahore), 26(5), 2457-2460. https://www.sci-int.com/pdf/14537158271%20a-2457-2460-MANSOOR%20AHMED%20CHANNA--MALAYSIA--PAID%20%20.pdf

Channa, M. A., Nordin, Z. S., Siming, I. A., Chandio, A. A., & Koondher, M. A. (2015). Developing Reading Comprehension through Metacognitive Strategies: A Review of Previous Studies. English Language Teaching, 8(8). https://doi.org/10.5539/ELT.V8N8P181

Devine, J. (1993). Microfoundations and Methodology in Modeling Capitalism. Review of Radical Political Economics, 25(3), 51-59. https://doi.org/10.1177/048661349302500307

Dunlosky, J., Rawson, K. A., Marsh, E. J., Nathan, M. J., & Willingham, D. T. (2013). Improving Students’ Learning With Effective Learning Techniques: Promising Directions From Cognitive and Educational Psychology. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 14(1), 4–58. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100612453266

Heit, I.A. (2011). Estrategias Metacognitivas de Comprensión Lectora y Eficacia en la Asignatura Lengua y Literatura. https://bibliotecadigital.uca.edu.ar/repositorio/tesis/estrategias-metacognitivascomprension-lectora-heit.pdf

Khan, F., & Khan, S.A. (2016). Metacognitive Reading Strategies in Relationship with Scholastic Achievement in Science of IX Standard Students of English Medium Schools in Aurangabad City. MIER Journal of Educational Studies, Trends and Practices, 3. http://www.mierjs.in/ojs/index.php/mjestp/article/download/51/51

Koyuncu, İ., Bulus, M., & Fırat, T. (2022). The Moderator Role of Gender and Socioeconomic Status in the Relationship Between Metacognitive Skills and Reading Scores. Participatory Educational Research, 9(3), 82-97. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.22.55.9.3

Maqsud, M. (1997). Effects of metacognitive skills and nonverbal ability on academic achievement of high school pupils. Educational Psychology, 17(4), 387-397. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144341970170402

Muhid, A., Amalia, E. R., Hilaliyah, H., Budiana, N., & Wajdi, M. B. N. (2020). The Effect of Metacognitive Strategies Implementation on Students’ Reading Comprehension Achievement. International Journal of Instruction, 13(2), 847-862. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.13257a

Nett, U. E., Goetz, T., Hall, N. C., & Frenzel, A. C. (2012). Metacognitive Strategies and Test Performance: An Experience Sampling Analysis of Students′ Learning Behavior. Education Research International, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/958319

Pretorius, E. J. (2002). Reading Ability and Academic Performance in South Africa: Are We fiddling while Rome is Burning?, Language Matters, 33(1), 169-196. https://doi.org/10.1080/10228190208566183

Sathish K., & Subramanian, A. (2022). Metacognition and Scholastic Performance of Higher Secondary School Students: A Correlational Analysis. International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.17148/iarjset.2022.9125

Snow, C. E., Burns, M. S., & Griffin, P. (1998). Preventing Reading Difficulties in Young Children. Committee on the Prevention of Reading Difficulties in Young Children. National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council, Washington DC. Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED416465.pdf

Suggate, S. P., Schaughency, E. A., & Reese, E. (2013). Children Learning to Read Later Catch up to Children Reading Earlier. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 28(1), 33-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2012.04.004

Taboada, A., & Rutherford, V. (2011). Developing Reading Comprehension and Academic Vocabulary for English Language Learners through Science Content: A Formative Experiment. Reading Psychology, 32(2), 113–157. https://doi.org/10.1080/02702711003604468

Ur Rahman, F., Jumani, N. B., Chaudry, M. A., Ul Hasan Chisti, S., & Abbasi, F. (2010). Impact Of Metacognitive Awareness On Performance Of Students In Chemistry. Contemporary Issues In Education Research, 3(10). https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1072651.pdf

Witri, H., & Ansyari, M. F. (2022). A Comparison Study On Reading Comprehension Between Male And Female Students. Journal of Pedagogy and Online Learning, 1(1), 16-23. https://doi.org/10.24036/jpol.v11i1

Zulkiply, N. (2006). Metacognition and its Relationship with Students' Academic Performance. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/11777326.pdf

Published

2025-01-23

How to Cite

Effects of Metacognitive Awareness on Reading Comprehension in English among Senior High School Students. (2025). Ennoia Advances in Social Science, Technology and Education, 1(01), 65-72. https://www.ennoia-asste.org/index.php/asste/article/view/6